Steven P. McNicoll wrote:
"Tauno Voipio" wrote in message
...

There should be a co-located (and associated) DME if
there are no markers, and in can be used instead of the markers.



Only if you're equipped with DME or GPS.

At least here (Finland), an airplane needs a DME
(among other avionics) to be IFR airworthy.

--

Tauno Voipio
tauno voipio (at) iki fi