"Jose" wrote in message
et...

Well, what non-identical thing would qualify (in this context) as "the
same thing"?


You'll have to tell me. What was the point of your response to my
statement?



Got that. Does a control tower always mean class D (or better)?


No.



Does class D always mean a control tower?


No.



The same as the purpose of SVFR in a surface area.


The purpose of SVFR in a surface area is usually to get in or out of an
airport within it when it cannot be done under basic VFR. Please explain
how that can be done while remaining above the ceiling of the Class D
airspace.



One reason would be
to find VFR above a broken layer. It would of course require positive
control of the airspace, which is probably not available above the D.


What do you do if you don't find it?



Is the D equivalent to a "surface area"?


A surface area is the airspace contained by the lateral boundary of
controlled airspace designated for an airport that begins at the surface and
extends upward. In the US, they come in Class B, C, D, and Class E flavors.