Emily schrieb:

I think there was some confusion here. I wasn't saying that he never
heard ATC at all, just that the transmission confusion was due to the
heterodyne, not static or poor transmission quality.

Ok. And I'm saying that the heterodyne didn't cause anything at all.
More precisely, it caused that the Panam couldn't warn the KLM that they
were still on the runway, which maybe could have prevented the accident
in the last second, agreed. But the fatal misunderstanding occured in
perfect radio conditions and was probably caused by the overall
confusion of the situation (at all participants) and by the desire of
the KLM crew to continue their trip.

Stefan