Tina wrote:
OK, so the center of gravity (except for some airplanes with really
smart computers) is going to be forward of the center of lift for
stall recovery reasons -- that makes sense. The question I have is,
for a typical GA flying machine -- take a complex single for example
-- what really is the download (I'm thinking of it as induced weight
with fuel burn consequences) supplied by the vertical stabilizer? It
has a reasonable moment arm hanging way back there, but is it as much
as say 100 pounds if the CG is near the forward limit?

Download created by vertical stabilizer?? Maybe in a steep turn?