Thanks Cindy for the presentation. I learned to fly XC a while back with map and compass (and a Stocker graphical glide computer). I am puzzled these days how to best introduce newcomers to navigation and glide computing. The problem with the circles-on-the-map method is that many pilots can't seem to locate themselves on the map. And GPS devices have gotten so cheap. You don't need $500 - $50 for an eReader+GPS and free software makes a swell glide computer. For those with eyes (unlike mine) that can see much on their smartphone screen in sunlight, you don't need anything beyond some free software. (Cell service not required.) And I know I stretched the envelope much closer to the edge once I got GPS. Thus the temptation to go straight to such equipment is fierce. But what if the gizmo dies in mid-flight? And how to teach people to sanity-check what they think the gizmo is saying? I don't have answers, but wonder what current instructors' methods are.