On 09/24/07 10:42, Dennis Johnson wrote:
I'm probably over-thinking holding patterns and have become confused.

When given instructions to hold at a non-published holding pattern, ATC will
specify:

1. The direction from the fix, such as north, north-east, etc.
2. The name of the holding fix.
3. The radial, course, or airway on which the aircraft is to hold.
4. The leg length and direction of turns if they are not standard.
5. The expect further clearance time.

Here's my question: If I'm told to hold on a radial (as opposed to a
course), does that mean that I'm flying away from the station when I'm "on
course" in the holding pattern?

You always hold at the fix. You are on the holding course when flying to
the fix.


For example, I'm given the instruction, "Hold south of the VOR on the 180�
radial, expect further clearance in 15 minutes." Once I get established in
the holding pattern, do I track inbound to the station on the 180� radial or
do I track outbound on the 180� radial?

You fly toward the fix (the VOR in this case) on the holding radial (180
in this case). If you remember that you always fly to the fix, you won't
be able to mix these up.


How would that be different if I were given the same instructions, except
hold on the 180� course (instead of the 180� radial)?

I would ask the controller for a clarification. Have a look at the 7110.65
to see what they will do for holding instructions.


Thanks,
Dennis






--
Mark Hansen, PP-ASEL, Instrument Airplane, USUA Ultralight Pilot
Cal Aggie Flying Farmers
Sacramento, CA