Curtiss JN-4 "Jenny"

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curtiss_JN-4

The Curtiss JN-4 "Jenny" was one of a series of "JN" biplanes built by the
Curtiss Aeroplane Company of Hammondsport, New York, later the Curtiss Aeroplane
and Motor Company. Although the Curtiss JN series was originally produced as a
training aircraft for the U.S. Army, the "Jenny" (the common nickname derived
from "JN-4", with an open-topped four appearing as a Y) continued after World
War I as a civil aircraft, as it became the "backbone of American postwar
[civil] aviation."[1] Thousands of surplus Jennys were sold at bargain prices to
private owners in the years after the war and became central to the barnstorming
era that helped awaken America to civil aviation through much of the 1920s

The Curtiss JN-4 is possibly North America's most famous World War I aircraft.
It was widely used during World War I to train beginning pilots, with an
estimated 95% of all trainees having flown a JN-4.[10] The U.S. version was
called "Jenny", a derivation from its official designation. It was a twin-seat
(student in front of instructor) dual-control biplane. Its tractor propeller and
maneuverability made it ideal for initial pilot training with a 90 hp (67 kW)
Curtiss OX-5 V8 engine giving a top speed of 75 mph (121 km/h) and a service
ceiling of 6,500 ft (2,000 m).[6][11] The British used the JN-4 (Canadian),
along with the Avro 504, for their primary World War I trainer using the
Canadian Aeroplanes Ltd. indigenous variant.[12] Many Royal Flying Corps pilots
earned their wings on the JN-4, both in Ontario and later in winter facilities
at Camp Taliaferro, Texas

After World War I, thousands were sold on the civilian market, including one to
Charles Lindbergh in May 1923, in which he then soloed.[17][18] Surplus US Army
aircraft were sold, some still in their unopened packing crates, for as little
as $50, essentially "flooding" the market.[10][N 2] With private and commercial
flying in North America unhampered by regulations concerning their use, pilots
found the Jenny's slow speed and stability made it ideal for stunt flying and
aerobatic displays in the barnstorming era between the world wars, with the
nearly identical Standard J-1 aircraft often used alongside it. [N 3] Some were
still flying into the 1930s.

General characteristics

Crew: two
Length: 27 ft 4 in (8.33 m)
Wingspan: 43 ft 7¾ in (13.3 m)
Height: 9 ft 10½ in (3.01 m)
Wing area: 352 ft2 (32.7 m2)
Empty weight: 1,390 lb (630 kg)
Max. takeoff weight: 1,920 lb (871 kg)
Powerplant: 1 × Curtiss OX-5 V8 piston, 90 hp (67 kW)

Performance
Maximum speed: 75 mph (65 kn, 121 km/h)
Cruise speed: 60 mph (52 kn, 97 km/h)
Endurance: 2h
Service ceiling: 6,500 ft (2,000 m)




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