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The change in direction of the airflow between a nose down
attitude under power in a helo and a nose up, direction slightly down for autorotation makes the mechanical aoa at the hub different from the aoa of the airflow on the rotor. Not sure what you mean by mechanical AoA at the hub, but the AoA of the blades increases (more +ve), for the same pitch angle, with an upward flowing airstream. I think what they're refering to when they say "mechanical AoA" is blade incidence. Fixed wing aircraft generally have their wings set a some positive incidence relative to the long axis (longitudinal) of the fuselage. The main reason for this, as I understand it, is so the fuse will fly in a level attitude at cruise while allowing the wing to fly at a positive AoA to produce the lift needed to maintain flight. This positive incidence is fixed and cannot be changed or adjusted by the pilot. Helicopters, OTOH, adjust the incidence of their rotor blades through collective and cyclic commands. In this case, the incidence is a measurement of the angle of the rotor blade cord line relative to an imaginary line running perpendicular (90 degrees to) the rotor mast. While changing the incidence of the main rotor blades (through collective and cyclic commands) will change the aerodynamic AoA, they are not the same thing. For example, if you could lower the collective to a negative "incidence" (I'm not sure if full size helicopters do this, I know that RC models do), the rotor blades would still be seeing a positive AoA while in flight due to the steep descent angle. FWIW, Fly SAfe, Steve R. |
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