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https://www.triplepundit.com/2018/11...ion-emissions/
Electric Aviation May Slash Emissions by Early 2020s by Amy Brown on Wednesday, Nov 21st, 2018 electric aviation, emissions The winds seem to be shifting in favor of electric aviation as a viable solution to airplane carbon pollution, with major airlines and newer players touting electric flights as more than a pie-in-the-sky dream. Some proponents claim that take off is just around the corner, by the early 2020s. Aviation is one of the fastest-growing sources of greenhouse gas emissions https://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/...rt/aviation_en , with direct emissions accounting for about 3 percent of the European Union’s total greenhouse gas emissions and more than 2 percent of global emissions. If commercial aviation were considered a country, it would rank seventh after Germany in terms of carbon emissions. Aircraft emissions are expected to grow by 50% by 2050 https://www.scientificamerican.com/a...aft-emissions/ as demand for air travel increases. Electric flights could put a substantial bite into growing emissions and help the world meet global climate goals. The electric aviation industry believes the technology is ready to meet the challenge. Earlier this month Air New Zealand announced https://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/...ectid=12157487 it was working with European planemaker ATR on hybrid electric aircraft. Other major airlines like JetBlue https://www.jetblueventures.com/portfolio/zunum-aero/ and UK budget carrier EasyJet https://www.reuters.com/article/easy...-idUSL8N1X93FY are backing electric aircraft start-ups. Democratizing access to travel US-based electric aviation company Zunum Aero https://zunum.aero/ expects to be among the first on the runway, with its first hybrid electric regional aircraft in the air by the early 2020s, according to Matt Knapp, Zunum Aero Chief Engineer. The benefits, he told TriplePundit, are huge—for the industry, passengers and, importantly, the environment. Electric propulsion cuts community and cabin noise by 75 percent and emissions by 80 percent, he says. “Our vision is to democratize access to high-speed travel by serving thousands of communities across the US that don’t currently have access to high-speed travel,” Knapp told TriplePundit. Fleets currently flying the short-haul flights under a thousand miles comprise 40 percent of all commercial aviation emissions, Knapp explains. These fleets are aging and due to be replaced – according to an Embry-Riddle study https://commons.erau.edu/cgi/viewcon...xt=publication , 8,000 regional aircraft are due to be replaced by 2030. This means, Knapp says, that “by the 2030s we can eliminate 40 percent of all commercial aviation emissions.” Air New Zealand eyes carbon neutral growth Air New Zealand sees the same potential in their move towards hybrid electric aircraft. Under the agreement, the partners will investigate the development of these new solutions and the required systems to support them such as airport and regulatory infrastructure, maintenance, ground and flight operations. “Our regional fleet accounts for approximately 40 percent of our domestic emissions so there’s an enormous opportunity for carbon savings. It could be a significant contributor to us reaching our twin goals of carbon neutral growth from 2020 and reducing emissions to 50 percent of 2005 levels by 2050,” stated Air New Zealand chief executive Christopher Luxon. https://www.airnewzealand.co.nz/pres...ybrid-aircraft Luxon said hybrid aircraft are expected to enter the market in the “next decade or so.” The electric aviation space is getting crowded. The list of players keeps growing: Airbus E-Fan X https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/pres...uture-par.html is being developed with Rolls-Royce and Siemens as a hybrid-electric airline demonstrator. Eviation Alice https://www.eviation.co/alice/ is an Israel aircraft being developed by Eviation Aircraft. Wright Electric https://weflywright.com/ is a startup with a goal of creating a commercial airliner that runs on batteries and for distances of less than 300 miles and is backed by EasyJet. https://www.triplepundit.com/2017/10...ible-10-years/ Zunum ready to push ahead But some experts see Zunum as ahead of the pack, according to the Robb Report https://robbreport.com/motors/aviati...afran-2821269/ .. Zunum has the backing of Boeing, JetBlue Technology Ventures and the Department of Commerce Clean Energy Fund. Charter provider JetSuite https://robbreport.com/motors/aviati...lanes-2795271/ has already signed up to buy up to 100 of their aircraft. Zunum Aero last month selected France’s Safran Helicopter Engines https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-n...ctric-airliner to build engine turbines for its aircraft. The Safran Ardiden 3Z 500 kW turbo-generator is a “significant component of our ability to deliver 80 percent reduction in operating costs and emissions,” Knapp says. Debate over battery technology Some observers are skeptical that today’s electric battery technology is anywhere near ready for electric flight. In Wired, Eric Adams reports https://www.wired.com/2017/05/electric-airplanes-2/ that the age of electric aviation is still 30 years away. “For all the hype electric aviation gets, the concepts put forth by aerospace companies and startups are just this side of impossible…The problem is, batteries simply do not offer the power-to-weight ratio or cost needed to be feasible, and will not for some time,” Adams wrote. Knapp would strongly disagree. “We’ve actually designed our planes to be viable using battery technology that is available today by carefully sizing the generation and battery masses for minimum total operating cost at target range,” he told TriplePundit. “The infrastructure we require is pretty straightforward – we need space at airports to store and change batteries, and then a little room to charge them.” He explains that Zunum’s aircraft is designed to be agnostic to the source that powers its propulsion. “So it can be configured easily to rely on battery plus gas turbine, which is the most common configuration initially, and switch over easily to battery only. It’s also agnostic to battery chemistry type – so we can take advantage of whatever the best technology happens to be. Either way, our propulsion is fully electric.” Whether it’s within a few years or a few decades, the momentum for electric flight seems unstoppable. And pressure is on the aviation industry to come up with solutions to meet the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) scheme https://aviationbenefits.org/environ...ris-agreement/ to push for a goal of carbon-neutral growth and complement the aims of the Paris Agreement. https://unfccc.int/process/the-paris...aris-agreement To get there, Knapp says, “electric aviation is really the primary solution.” Amy Brown Based in southwest Florida, Amy has written about sustainability and the Triple Bottom Line for over 20 years, specializing in sustainability reporting, policy papers and research reports for multinational clients in pharmaceuticals, consumer goods, ICT, tourism and other sectors. She also writes for Ethical Corporation and is a contributor to Creating a Culture of Integrity: Business Ethics for the 21st Century. Connect with ------------------------------------------- https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/pres...uture-par.html Commercial Aircraft Airbus, Rolls-Royce, and Siemens team up for electric future Partnership launches E-Fan X hybrid-electric flight demonstrator Download All Airbus, Rolls-Royce, and Siemens have formed a partnership which aims at developing a near-term flight demonstrator which will be a significant step forward in hybrid-electric propulsion for commercial aircraft. The three companies together announced the groundbreaking collaboration, bringing together some of the world’s foremost experts in electrical and propulsion technologies, at the Royal Aeronautical Society in London. The E-Fan X hybrid-electric technology demonstrator is anticipated to fly in 2020 following a comprehensive ground test campaign, provisionally on a BAe 146 flying testbed, with one of the aircraft’s four gas turbine engines replaced by a two megawatt electric motor. Provisions will be made to replace a second gas turbine with an electric motor once system maturity has been proven. “The E-Fan X is an important next step in our goal of making electric flight a reality in the foreseeable future. The lessons we learned from a long history of electric flight demonstrators, starting with the Cri-Cri, including the e-Genius, E-Star, and culminating most recently with the E-Fan 1.2, as well as the fruits of the E-Aircraft Systems House collaboration with Siemens, will pave the way to a hybrid single-aisle commercial aircraft that is safe, efficient, and cost-effective,” said Paul Eremenko, Airbus’ Chief Technology Officer. “We see hybrid-electric propulsion as a compelling technology for the future of aviation.” The E-Fan X demonstrator will explore the challenges of high-power propulsion systems, such as thermal effects, electric thrust management, altitude and dynamic effects on electric systems and electromagnetic compatibility issues. The objective is to push and mature the technology, performance, safety and reliability enabling quick progress on the hybrid electric technology. The programme also aims at establishing the requirements for future certification of electrically powered aircraft while training a new generation of designers and engineers to bring hybrid-electric commercial aircraft one step closer to reality. As part of the E-Fan X programme, Airbus, Rolls-Royce, and Siemens will each contribute with their extensive experience and know-how in their respective fields of expertise: - Airbus will be responsible for overall integration as well as the control architecture of the hybrid-electric propulsion system and batteries, and its integration with flight controls. - Rolls-Royce will be responsible for the turbo-shaft engine, two megawatt generator, and power electronics. Along with Airbus, Rolls-Royce will also work on the fan adaptation to the existing nacelle and the Siemens electric motor. - Siemens will deliver the two megawatt electric motors and their power electronic control unit, as well as the inverter, DC/DC converter, and power distribution system. This comes on top of the E-Aircraft Systems House collaboration between Airbus and Siemens, launched in 2016, which aims at development and maturation of various electric propulsion system components and their terrestrial demonstraion across various power classes. Paul Stein, Rolls-Royce, Chief Technology Officer, said: “The E-Fan X enables us to build on our wealth of electrical expertise to revolutionise flight and welcome in the third generation of aviation. This is an exciting time for us as this technological advancement will result in Rolls-Royce creating the world’s most powerful flying generator. “Siemens has been driving innovation in core technology fields at full speed,” said Roland Busch, Chief Technology Officer of Siemens. “In April 2016 we opened a new chapter in electric-mobility with the collaboration with Airbus. Building up electric propulsion for aircraft, we are creating new perspectives for our company and also for our customers and society. With the E-Fan X partnership, we now take the next step to demonstrate the technology in the air.” Among the top challenges for today’s aviation sector is to move towards a means of transport with improved environmental performance, that is more efficient and less reliant on fossil fuels. The partners are committed to meeting the EU technical environmental goals of the European Commission’s Flightpath 2050 Vision for Aviation (reduction of CO2 by 75%, reduction of NOx by 90% and noise reduction by 65%). These cannot be achieved with the technologies existing today. Therefore, Airbus, Rolls-Royce and Siemens are investing in and focusing research work in different technology areas including electrification. Electric and hybrid-electric propulsion are seen today as among the most promising technologies for addressing these challenges. -------------------------------------------------------------- https://www.airbus.com/innovation/Th...-electric.html Innovation The future is electric Olivier Maillard - FIA 2018 - Day 01 A t the 2018 Farnborough Airshow, the UK government announces financial support for the pioneering Airbus E-Fan X hybrid-electric flight demonstrator. The E-Fan X is the next step in Airbus’ electrification journey. This ambitious project, in partnership with Siemens and Rolls-Royce, aims to develop a flight demonstrator testing a 2MW hybrid-electric propulsion system. Airbus E-Fan X The E-Fan X is the next step in Airbus’ electrification journey It’s a vision now shared by the UK government. At the opening of the 2018 Farnborough Airshow, Business and Energy Secretary Greg Clark announced that the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) will invest £255 million to develop greener flight technologies, a share of which will go to E-Fan X. “We are working with industry to lead the world as we embark on this journey into the new age of air travel,” he said. Airbus believes electric and hybrid-electric propulsion will help the aviation industry meet the goals set out in the Flightpath 2050 Vision for Aviation, which aims to significantly reduce CO2 emissions and noise levels. We are delighted that BEIS is investing in our E-Fan X demonstrator programme, which will enable us to further explore and mature these technologies while leveraging the technical expertise in aircraft modifications in the UK alongside those of our other European partners. - Airbus Chief Technology Officer Grazia Vittadini A huge leap forward Starting in 2010 with the CriCri – the world’s first fully electric aircraft – Airbus has also produced the all-electric E-Fan 1.0 and hybrid E-Fan 1.2, which combined a 60 kW motor with a combustion engine. While these represented major achievements, the steps between each project were incremental. The E-Fan X will be a comparatively huge step forward. “Our aim is to replace one of four gas turbines on a flying testbed with a 2 MW electric motor,” says E-Fan X project lead Olivier Maillard. “That’s over 60 times more power than the previous E-Fan. Nothing like that has ever flown before.” Key to this major jump is the rapid pace of development in battery and fuel cell technology. “Now is the right time to focus on larger aircraft and bring hybrid-electric aircraft closer to reality,” Maillard explains. “Quite simply, the industry cannot achieve its sustainability goals with the technologies existing today." EFANX Viewpoint 2 HD BSJ 20180201 Airbus, Rolls-Royce and Siemens will each focus on developing certain parts for the E-Fan X, with Airbus responsible for the overall integration of the electric motor into the test aircraft, a British Aerospace RJ100. “Safety was our top priority, so it had to be a four-engine aircraft,” Maillard says. “Unlike the Airbus aircraft, the E-motor on an RJ100 can produce a significant thrust, comparable with the rest of the motors, that would enable level flight with half of the thrust provided by the electric power unit. Airbus will involve BAE Systems Regional Aircraft in the design of the modification to leverage their unequalled aircraft knowledge and to work together with the other partners to approve the modification and release the aircraft for flight under their Design Organisation Approval.” With the E-Fan X, Airbus will investigate the challenges of such a high-power propulsion system, such as thermal effects, electric thrust management, altitude and dynamic effects on electric systems, and electromagnetic compatibility issues. It will also work with authorities to establish certification requirements for electrically powered aircraft. Flight testing in 2020 Parts manufacturing for the E-Fan X will begin in 2019, followed by ground testing. By the end of 2020, we aim to start flight testing and one year after that, we hope the E-Fan X can make its first public flights. - E-Fan X project lead Olivier Maillard In addition to the environmental benefits, hybrid or fully electric propulsion also has the potential to open up new possibilities for aircraft design. Future vertical take-off and landing aircraft, including for Urban Air Mobility applications, will benefit due to the higher reliability and lower maintenance costs. “This is groundbreaking technology,” says Maillard. “It will change the way people travel.” Visitors to the 2018 Farnborough Airshow can see a smart model of the E-Fan X at the Airbus pavilion. HoloLens glasses give a special insight into how the innovative propulsion system will work. Related stories Innovation 17 July 2018 The future is electric Commercial Aircraft 28 November 2017 Airbus, Rolls-Royce, and Siemens team up for electric future ... en fr de es Innovation 18 June 2017 Future of electric flight Company 24 May 2016 Airbus Group To Present Innovative Technologies at ILA 2016 en de Company 09 July 2015 Airbus Group's all-electric E-Fan aircraft completes historic Channel .... en Company 06 July 2015 E-Fan Prepares For Historic Channel Crossing -------------------------------------------------------------- https://zunum.aero/ Bringing you electric air travel out to a thousand miles On your schedule 2-4 times faster door-to-door Breakthrough economics Fares below commercial Fly to every community 10,000+ airports Tread lightly 80% lower noise and emissions Fast, affordable and everywhere What if you could get to places much faster than you can today? What if flying cost a lot less than it does today? If thousands of communities were connected by air service? What if aircraft were quieter, with far lower emissions? We’re making it so. Join our mailing list to follow our progress. We’re changing the way people travel Get there much faster — and on your schedule Imagine leaving your doorstep in San Jose at 7 AM and making it to a 9:30 AM meeting in Pasadena. With Zunum Aero, simply drive to a nearby airfield and walk to your aircraft with bags in tow, for a trip that will take half the time and at a much lower fare. Or skip the meeting altogether, and be on the slopes in Tahoe by 8:40 AM for $100 round-trip, and back home the same evening. Fly to thousands of communities We are a land of towns and communities, many with airports, but few with regular air service. Our stock of 13,500 airports is the largest in the world, yet just 140 of the largest hubs carry over 97% of air traffic. This has left many of us with long drives to catch a flight, while on shorter trips we skip air travel altogether. Communities without good air service also struggle to attract investment and create jobs. Electric aircraft of varying sizes are ideally suited to this critical need, requiring little support other than a GPS flightpath and a quick recharge or swap facility on the tarmac. Be it Moses Lake, Beaumont, Santa Fe or Butte: prepare for the convenience of frequent electric air service. Tread lightly Did you know that short-haul flights produce over 40% of aviation emissions? With our aircraft, we believe these will be largely eliminated within twenty years. Our aircraft are “hybrid-to-electrics” that sip fuel only when they have to, will use even less over time as batteries upgrade, and will one day go completely without — so that flying will be kind to the Earth. Who We Are We are dreamers, engineers and pilots primarily based in the Seattle and Chicago areas, and with partners across the country. We are over 3 years into our journey toward democratizing access to high speed travel. We are passionate about high-speed connectivity to every community and neighborhood, so you can live where you like, get anywhere fast, and leave behind a healthy planet. Our Team Board Ashish Kumar, Ph.D. CEO, Zunum Aero Matt Knapp Aero Chief Engineer, Zunum Aero Logan Jones Managing Director, Boeing HorizonX Warren Christie SVP, Safety, Security and Training, JetBlue Airways Advisory Board Leo Casey, Ph.D., Power engineering Pete Kunz, Ph.D., Development strategy Oliver Masefield, Ph.D., Aircraft development Ron-Ho Ni, Ph.D., Propulsor development Bonny Simi, Venture and strategy Ranbir Singh, Ph.D., Power electronics Birger Steen, Corporate development Venkat Viswanathan, Ph.D., Propulsion batteries |
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