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Nieuport 10
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nieuport_10
The Nieuport 10 was a French First World War sesquiplane that filled a wide variety of roles including reconnaissance, fighter and trainer. In January 1914, designer Gustave Delage joined the Société Anonyme des Etablissements Nieuport, and started working on a series of aircraft that would remain in production for the remainder of the First World War. The Nieuport 10 was first of these and was originally designed to compete in the Gordon Bennett Trophy race of 1914. World War I caused this contest to be cancelled, and the type was developed as a military two seat reconnaissance aircraft that entered service in 1915. The type featured a distinctive "V" strut layout. The lower wing was much smaller in area than the upper wing. The concept was intended to combine the strength of the biplane's wire braced wing cell with the good visibility of the parasol monoplane. Many were converted or built as single-seat fighters by covering the front cockpit, and adding a Lewis Gun or Vickers machine gun either to fire through the center section of the top wing or mounted over it, firing forwards. In this form, the type was used as a fighter. Two major types were developed from the Nieuport 10 - the Nieuport 11 Bébé - a smaller aircraft, designed from the outset as a single-seater, and the Nieuport 12 - a more powerful two-seater with a larger top wing. In addition, production was undertaken of a dedicated trainer version under the Nieuport 83 E.2 designation with detail changes. A single example of a triplane, using a Nieuport 10 airframe was built to test an unusual staggered wing concept. Role reconnaissance, fighter and trainer Manufacturer Nieuport Designer Gustave Delage First flight 1914 Introduction 1915 Status retired Primary users Aéronautique Militaire Royal Naval Air Service Imperial Russian Air Service Produced 1915-1918 Variants Nieuport 12 Many of the early French aces flew the Nieuport 10, the best known of which was Georges Guynemer, who used several Nieuport 10s, all marked "Vieux Charles". Jan Olieslagers was flying a Nieuport 10 when he became the first Belgian to shoot down another aircraft, while the first Canadian aerial victory was also scored in a Nieuport 10, by Flight Sub-Lieutenant Arthur Ince. Specifications (Nieuport 10 C.1 fighter) General characteristics Crew: one, pilot Length: 7.09 m (23 ft 3 in) Wingspan: 8.20 m (26 ft 11 in) Height: 2.7 m (8 ft 11 in) Wing area: 18 m² (193.8 ft²) Empty weight: 411 kg (905 lb) Loaded weight: 658 kg (1,450 lb) Powerplant: 1 × le Rhône 9C rotary, 60 kW (80 hp) Performance Maximum speed: 139 km/h (75 knots, 86 mph) Range: 249.44 kilometers (155 miles) Service ceiling: 4,572 m (15,000 ft) Rate of climb: 2.1 m/s (410 ft/min) Endurance: 2.5 hours Armament 1 × Lewis machine gun mounted atop the upper wing * |
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