Canadian holding procedures

the basic question was what is the clearance limit at the end of an IAP in
*controlled* airspace

Martin,

good point. Here's my answer: The clearance limit is the Missed
Approach Holding Fix, i.e. the last point of the missed approach
procedure unless other instructions were received. AIP RAC 9.26
clearly regulates the scenario where you are not in contact with ATC
by then. Im writing from memory here, but you're supposed to hold
standard on the inbound track to the fix (whatever that may be) or in
any depicted holding patterns incl. shuttle holds or some other very
specific provisions. There you hold until you talk to someone or you
run out of options...

All the best,
Gerd

the [Canadian] airspace
system is designed to allow instrument flight from takeoff to
touchdown without ever talking to anybody


What besides the big sky principle separates aluminum?

Jose

--
(for Email, make the obvious changes in my address)

(Teacherjh) wrote in message ...

the [Canadian] airspace
system is designed to allow instrument flight from takeoff to
touchdown without ever talking to anybody


What besides the big sky principle separates aluminum?

Jose

Cruising altitudes (you know, the thing with the even and uneven
numbers and this east/west thing) and announcing every altitude change
on a common frequency (126.7 in Canada). Other than that, frequent
position reports sure help...

Gerd

"gwengler" wrote in message
om...
(Teacherjh) wrote in message
...

the [Canadian] airspace
system is designed to allow instrument flight from takeoff to
touchdown without ever talking to anybody


What besides the big sky principle separates aluminum?

Jose

... and announcing every altitude change
on a common frequency (126.7 in Canada). ...

.... or 5680 kHz domestically or other international HF frequencies for
long-distance communication in the more remote areas.

gwengler wrote:

the basic question was what is the clearance limit at the end of an IAP in
*controlled* airspace

good point. Here's my answer: The clearance limit is the Missed
Approach Holding Fix, i.e. the last point of the missed approach
procedure unless other instructions were received. AIP RAC 9.26
clearly regulates the scenario where you are not in contact with ATC
by then.

Here's the actual text, since (sadly) the AIP is not available online. Note
that in practice, controllers nearly always give specific missed approach
instructions in advance when you're landing in low IMC.


RAC 9.26 Missed Approach Procedures

Whenever a pilot conducts a published missed approach from an instrument
approach procedure, the aircraft must continue along the published final
approach course to the published Missed Approach Point (MAP) and follow the
published missed approach instructions. The pilot may climb immediately to
the altitude specified in the missed approach procedure or assigned by ATC.
In the event of a missed approach when no missed approach clearance has
been received, the pilot will follow the published missed approach
instructions. Should the pilot arrive at the missed approach holding fix
prior to receiving further clearance, the pilot will:

(a) hold in a standard holding pattern on the inbound track used to arrive
at the fix;

(b) if there is a published missed approach track to the fix, hold in a
standard holding pattern inbound to the fix on this track;

(c) if there is a published shuttle or holding pattern at the fix, hold in
this pattern regardless of the missed approach track to the fix; or

(d) if there are published missed approach holding instructions, hold in
accordance with these.

If a clearance to another destination has been received, the pilot shall, in
the absence of other instructions, carry out the missed approach
instructions until at an altitude which will ensure adequate obstacle
clearance before proceeding on course.

If specific missed approach instructions have been received and
acknowledged, the pilot is required to comply with the new missed approach
instructions before proceeding on course, e.g., "on missed approach, climb
straight ahead to 3 000 feet; right turn, climb on course" or "on missed
approach, climb straight ahead to the BRAVO NDB before proceeding on course".

Civil and military air traffic control procedures do not require the air
traffic controller to provide terrain and obstacle clearance in their missed
approach instructions. Terms such as "on missed approach, right turn climb
on course" oir "on missed approach, left turn on course" are not to be
considered specific missed approach instructions. It remains the pilot's
responsibility to ensure terrain and obstacle avoidance and clearance.


All the best,


David