"Steven P. McNicoll" wrote in message
news
No navigation equipment is required for VFR entry of Class B or C
airspace.

So? What's that got to do with this thead?

How does one know where a VOR radial is without using any navigation
equipment?

Look at your chart. When you can see out the window, this is a much more
reliable way of identifying a VOR radial than using the actual radio (which
is permitted to have as much as 6 degrees of error anyway).

Pete