All this mental rotation of the aircraft and figuring out position is
completely unnecessary.

I don't need to do it, I just used it for illustration. Needle points
to the station, you're not there yet.

All you have to do is glance at the CDI and see if
your heading is on the same side as the needle. If it is, you are still
headed toward the radial, you have not passed it. If not, you have passed
through it. Doesn't matter whether the radial number is set at the top or
bottom of the dial, it still works exactly the same way.

Also nice.

For a localizer, set the OBS to the inbound course at the top and you
interpret it exactly the same way, whether on the front course or the back
course.

Nice for symmetry, but "a little left" is quicker than finding the
course on the dial for comparison, though it does make the back course
"not special".

Jose
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