1950s P2V Neptunes. No jets. Alameda to Hawaii. 12 hour flight. Maybe 3
hours of "single engine time" during which if one engine goes, you're too heavy
with fuel to make land, but if you discharge enough fuel to stay airborne, you
haven't enough fuel to make land. Catch 22. There are a couple of
possibilities ("ground" effect for one) but essentially you are a single engine
aircraft - - with two engines. With greater than twice the chance of engine
failure. Scary.

Quent