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Tupolev Tu-28/Tu-128
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-28
The Tupolev Tu-28 (NATO reporting name Fiddler) was a long-range interceptor aircraft introduced by the Soviet Union in the 1960s. The official designation was Tu-128, but this designation was less commonly used in the West. It was the largest and heaviest fighter ever in service. Iosif Nezval of Tupolev Design Bureau led development of the new interceptor aircraft. The work began in 1958, based on an existing single prototype of the unsuccessful Tu-98 supersonic bomber. The military designation of the interceptor was at first Tu-28, but it was changed in 1963 to Tu-128, identical to the designation used by the OKB. The Tu-128 had a broad, low/mid-mounted swept wing carrying the main landing gear in wing-mounted pods, and slab tailplanes. Two Lyulka AL-7F-2 turbojet engines were mounted in the fuselage. The two-man crew of pilot and navigator were seated in tandem. The Tu-128, with its maximum weight of 43 tonnes, was the heaviest fighter to enter service. It was a bomber-interceptor with high wing loading, unsophisticated but reliable avionics and poor visibility. It was not an agile aircraft. It was intended to combat only NATO bombers like the B-52, not engage in dogfights with smaller aircraft. The interceptor made its initial public appearance in the 1961 Tushino air parade. Western experts, unaware that the bulge on the belly carried testing instruments, mistook it for a large ventral radar for a mixed interceptor/AWACS role. The production version lacked the bulge and had a large nose radome housing a radar, known as RP-S Smerch, having a detection range of about 50 km (31 mi) and a lock-on range of about 40 km (25 mi). Armament of the Tu-128 was four Bisnovat R-4 air-to-air missiles (known as K-80 during development; NATO reporting name AA-5 'Ash'). Usually two of them were R-4Rs with semi-active radar homing and two were R-4T infrared-homing missiles, with the former on the outer pylons and the latter on the inner underwing pylons. There was no internal weapons bay. Production of the Tu-128 ended in 1970 with a total of 198 aircraft having been built. Role Interceptor Manufacturer Voronezh Aircraft Production Association Design group Tupolev First flight 18 March 1961 Introduction 1964 (or 1966) Retired 1990 (Russia) Status Retired Primary user Soviet Air Defence Forces Number built 198 (including 10 trainers) Developed from Tupolev Tu-98 bomber prototype The Tu-128's only publicly reported combat operation was the destruction of NATO reconnaissance balloons. The aircraft remained in service until 1990. Through the 1980s, units armed with the Tu-128 converted to the Mikoyan MiG-31. Specifications (Tu-128) General characteristics Crew: two, pilot and radar operator Length: 30.06 m (98.62 ft) Wingspan: 17.53 m (57.51 ft) Height: 7.15 m (23.46 ft) Wing area: 96.94 m² (1,043.45 ft²) Empty weight: 24,500 kg (54,013 lb) Loaded weight: 40,000 kg (88,185 lb) Max. takeoff weight: 43,000–43,700 kg (94,800–96,342 lb) Maximum g-loading: 2.5 g Maximum fuel load: est. 13,600 kg (30,000 lb) Powerplant: 2 × Lyulka AL-7F-2 afterburning turbojet Dry thrust: 72.8 kN (7,425 kgf; 16,370 lbf) each Thrust with afterburner: 99.1 kN (10,100 kgf; 22,270 lbf) each Performance Maximum speed: when armed 1,665 km/h (1,035 mph; est. 1.5 Ma) when unarmed 1,920 km/h (1,193 mph) Range: 2,565 km when armed (1,595 mi) Endurance: above 3 hours Service ceiling: 15,600 m when armed (51,184 ft) Maximum ceiling: 20,000 m (65,617 ft) Armament Hardpoints: 4 Missiles: 4 × Bisnovat R-4 air-to-air missiles (usually 2 × radar-guided R-4R and 2 × infrared-homing R-4T); other armament or tanks not used * |
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