IFR use of handheld GPS

Steven P. McNicoll wrote:

"Sam Spade" wrote in message
news:MpR6g.175231$bm6.132922@fed1read04...

Part 95, IFR Altitudes establishes MEAs and is the authority for airways
and Jet Routes. Those airways are rules, just like an instrument approach
procedure is a rule.

With instrument approach procedures (in addition to RNAV/GPS IAPs) you
have VOR and NBD IAPs that are approved for overlay flight with GPS. That
is the authorization to substitute GPS for VOR, where authorized on the
chart.

You don't have any overlay (i.e., standalone, non-radar) authorization fo
Victor Airways or Jet Routes. Thus, if you are not in a radar environment
you cannot use RNAV as primary for Victor airways or Jet Routes.

Does anyone care? Only if something goes wrong.

There are a few Q Routes, which are predicated solely on RNAV, but thus
far they have been established where traffic volumne is high and radar is
available. They are pretty much for the airlines in the lower 48, thus
far. And, I believe they are all in the high altitude stratum.

As I said before, Alaska has a special authorization that specifically
permits GPS/RNAV overlay of Victor airways.



You haven't cited a rule.



I cited Part 95. It is a rule.

"Sam Spade" wrote in message
news_g7g.175497$bm6.167703@fed1read04...

I cited Part 95. It is a rule.


Part 95 has many rules in it. Cite the specific rule.

Steven P. McNicoll wrote:

"Sam Spade" wrote in message
news_g7g.175497$bm6.167703@fed1read04...

I cited Part 95. It is a rule.



Part 95 has many rules in it. Cite the specific rule.


The rule:

"Subpart C - Enroute IFR Altitudes Over Particular Routes and Intersections

Editorial Note: The prescribed IFR altitudes for flights over
particular routes and intersections in this subpart were formerly
carried as sections 610.11 through 610.6887 of this title and were
transferred to Part 95 as §§ 95.41 through 95.6887, respectively, but
are not carried in the Code of Federal Regulations. For Federal Register
citations affecting these routes, see the List of CFR Sections Affected
in the Finding Aids section of this volume.
§ 95.31 General.
This subpart prescribes IFR altitudes for flights along particular
routes or route segments and over additional intersections not listed as
a part of a route or route segment."

[Doc. No. 1580, Amdt. 1-1, 28 FR 6719, June 29, 1963]"

And, from the AIM:

"a) Except in Alaska and coastal North Carolina, the VOR airways are
predicated solely on VOR or VORTAC navigation aids; are depicted in blue
on aeronautical charts; and are identified by a “V” (Victor) followed by
the airway number (e.g., V12)."

Like Part 97, Part 95 incorporates by rule-making reference individual
procedures, in this case Victor airways. The docket amending Part 95
for an individual airway is contained on Form 8260-16, and has the full
force and effect of regulation:

From 8260.19C, Flight Procedures and Airspace:

880. PREPARATION OF FAA FORM 8260-16. This form serves as a transmittal
sheet of en route procedural data to be published under 14 CFR Part 95.
It records current en route information. All airway/route
changes/cancellations must be documented on Form 8260-16 to ensure
publication. Document only one airway per Form 8260-16. If airways
overlap, document each on a separate form.
a. AIRWAY NO. OR ROUTE. Enter the airway number, "Part 95 Direct," or
"Off-Airway Non-95" as appropriate. Use a separate form for each type of
route.
Examples:
For RNAV routes - Q502
For Jet routes - J345
For Victor Airways - V123
b. FROM/TO. Each segment (fix to fix) must be listed, unless succeeding
segments have no significant changes. Segments must be separated at
facilities, flagged fixes, and changes of MEA, MOCA, or MAA. All airways
and routes terminate at the U.S. control area boundary (route alignment
may be explained in REMARKS).
(1) Route segments are normally listed from West to East for even
numbered airways, or South to North for odd numbered airways. When
amending published routes, follow the order of listing in the semiannual
consolidation of 14 CFR Part 95 routes.
(2) Fixes are identified by name, state, and type.
c. ROUTINE OR DOCKET NO. Enter the docket number when the request is
associated with an airspace action. If processing is to be routine,
leave blank.
d. CONTROLLING TERRAIN / OBSTRUCTION AND COORDINATES. When controlled
air space is a factor in MEA determination, make two entries: the
highest terrain and the highest tree or man-made obstacle (if above the
highest terrain). Use the " @ " to identify which obstacle controls the
MEA, even though MRA may require a higher altitude. Show coordinates to
the minute (seconds optional). Annotate a controlling obstacle that is
in the secondary area, and show the required obstacle clearance. No
entry is required for high altitude (Jet or RNAV) routes if terrain is
not a factor. Enter reduction of mountainous obstacle clearance.
e. MRA/MOCA. Enter both figures. To reduce chart clutter, MOCAs less
than 500 feet below MEAs should not be published unless they allow use
of a cardinal altitude within 25 SM of a facility. If a MOCA is not to
be published, line it out (the figure will still be legible for office
record purposes).
f. MAA/MEA. Enter both figures. When dual MEAs are used, show the
directions of flight. When an MEA change occurs at a DME-only fix, dual
MEAs are required since non-DME aircraft cannot receive the fix. When
minor MEA differences exist in adjacent segments, coordinate with ATC to
establish a common altitude.
g. GNSS MEA. Do not establish a GNSS MEA unless it is at least 500'
lower than the conventional MEA. The GNSS MEA must be a cardinal
altitude at or above the MOCA and provide communication capability as
required in TERPS.
NOTE:
These MEAs will be depicted on En route charts with a "G" suffix.
Example: 3500G
h. CHANGEOVER POINT. Enter the changeover point in the segment where it
lies. If midpoint, leave blank. If NOT midpoint, enter the mileage from
and the identifier of the nearest facility. If a gap exists, the
changeover point may be at the middle of the gap; however, leave blank.
If a dogleg, enter "DL." If the dogleg point is a fix, enter the fix
name. Establish a named fix on all dogleg airways that meet en route VHF
intersection criteria. Establish a named DME fix or CNF on all dogleg
airways that do not meet VHF intersection criteria.
i. FIX MRA/MCA. Entries here are referred to the appropriate fix by an
attention symbol (*). The same information is required on the Form
8260-2 for the fix. Show the direction of flight for MCAs.
j. REMARKS. Use this section for all pertinent supporting data. Typical
entries include:
Airspace floor
Terrain clearance applied
Dogleg radials for Part 95 Direct and Off-Airway
Non-95 Routes
Reason for MEA adjustment
Reason for MAA reduction
MEA gap
Cancel segment (reason)
(1) To assist charting agencies, when segments are amended or canceled,
describe the changes in this section or elsewhere on the form as
appropriate.
k. FLIGHT INSPECTION DATES. Enter the date of the original flight
inspection, if available, or indicate "On File." Use "Pending" for
new/relocated facility dockets. If flight inspection records are not
available, leave blank. Use additional lines to log subsequent flight
inspections, periodic reviews, and amendments. When the form's available
spaces are filled, whiteout the entries on manually completed forms, and
start over. Regenerate electronic forms as necessary when available
spaces are filled, deleting previously entered dates. Carry forward any
manually entered dates.
l. DISTRIBUTION. The approved Form 8260-16 must be prepared by AVN-100
and distributed as defined in Table 8-1.
m. Examples: Figure 8-3 contains a consolidated group of examples that
can be used when completing Form 8260-16.

"Sam Spade" wrote in message
news:TXm7g.175504$bm6.642@fed1read04...

The rule:

"Subpart C - Enroute IFR Altitudes Over Particular Routes and
Intersections

Editorial Note: The prescribed IFR altitudes for flights over particular
routes and intersections in this subpart were formerly carried as sections
610.11 through 610.6887 of this title and were transferred to Part 95 as
§§ 95.41 through 95.6887, respectively, but are not carried in the Code of
Federal Regulations. For Federal Register citations affecting these
routes, see the List of CFR Sections Affected in the Finding Aids section
of this volume.
§ 95.31 General.
This subpart prescribes IFR altitudes for flights along particular routes
or route segments and over additional intersections not listed as a part
of a route or route segment."

[Doc. No. 1580, Amdt. 1-1, 28 FR 6719, June 29, 1963]"


I see nothing there that addresses use of an IFR-certified GPS for en route
(domestic
airspace) in a non-radar environment nor anything about any special Alaska
provisions. FAR 95.1 says part 95 "prescribes altitudes governing the
operation of aircraft under IFR on ATS routes, or other direct routes for
which an MEA is designated in this part." We're atlking about direct
routes, those are routes for which an MEA is not designated.



And, from the AIM:

"a) Except in Alaska and coastal North Carolina, the VOR airways are
predicated solely on VOR or VORTAC navigation aids; are depicted in blue
on aeronautical charts; and are identified by a “V” (Victor) followed by
the airway number (e.g., V12)."


The AIM is not regulatory.

Steven P. McNicoll wrote:

"Sam Spade" wrote in message
news:TXm7g.175504$bm6.642@fed1read04...

The rule:

"Subpart C - Enroute IFR Altitudes Over Particular Routes and
Intersections

Editorial Note: The prescribed IFR altitudes for flights over particular
routes and intersections in this subpart were formerly carried as sections
610.11 through 610.6887 of this title and were transferred to Part 95 as
§§ 95.41 through 95.6887, respectively, but are not carried in the Code of
Federal Regulations. For Federal Register citations affecting these
routes, see the List of CFR Sections Affected in the Finding Aids section
of this volume.
§ 95.31 General.
This subpart prescribes IFR altitudes for flights along particular routes
or route segments and over additional intersections not listed as a part
of a route or route segment."

[Doc. No. 1580, Amdt. 1-1, 28 FR 6719, June 29, 1963]"



I see nothing there that addresses use of an IFR-certified GPS for en route
(domestic
airspace) in a non-radar environment nor anything about any special Alaska
provisions. FAR 95.1 says part 95 "prescribes altitudes governing the
operation of aircraft under IFR on ATS routes, or other direct routes for
which an MEA is designated in this part." We're atlking about direct
routes, those are routes for which an MEA is not designated.



And, from the AIM:

"a) Except in Alaska and coastal North Carolina, the VOR airways are
predicated solely on VOR or VORTAC navigation aids; are depicted in blue
on aeronautical charts; and are identified by a “V” (Victor) followed by
the airway number (e.g., V12)."



The AIM is not regulatory.


You are either stupid or stubborn, or perhaps both. The AIM reference
is explanatory. The 8260-16, when describing Federal Airwaty V-XXX,
which is formed by VOR facilities, is regulatory.

It's all there, for the non-selective reader.

"Sam Spade" wrote in message
news:Wip7g.175615$bm6.36868@fed1read04...

You are either stupid or stubborn, or perhaps both.

I am neither.



The AIM reference is explanatory.

The AIM is not regulatory.



The 8260-16, when describing Federal Airwaty V-XXX, which is formed by VOR
facilities, is regulatory.


Irrelevant to the subject under discussion.

Steven P. McNicoll wrote:

"Sam Spade" wrote in message
news:Wip7g.175615$bm6.36868@fed1read04...

You are either stupid or stubborn, or perhaps both.


I am neither.



The AIM reference is explanatory.


The AIM is not regulatory.



The 8260-16, when describing Federal Airwaty V-XXX, which is formed by VOR
facilities, is regulatory.



Irrelevant to the subject under discussion.


Bull****.

Steven is correct. Keep in mind that the AIM is not regulatory. Plus, the
fact that Alaska has special rules does not mean anything for the other 49
states.

--
-------------------------------
Travis
Lake N3094P
PWK


"Sam Spade" wrote in message
news:Wip7g.175615$bm6.36868@fed1read04...
Steven P. McNicoll wrote:

"Sam Spade" wrote in message
news:TXm7g.175504$bm6.642@fed1read04...

The rule:

"Subpart C - Enroute IFR Altitudes Over Particular Routes and
Intersections

Editorial Note: The prescribed IFR altitudes for flights over particular
routes and intersections in this subpart were formerly carried as
sections 610.11 through 610.6887 of this title and were transferred to
Part 95 as §§ 95.41 through 95.6887, respectively, but are not carried in
the Code of Federal Regulations. For Federal Register citations affecting
these routes, see the List of CFR Sections Affected in the Finding Aids
section of this volume.
§ 95.31 General.
This subpart prescribes IFR altitudes for flights along particular routes
or route segments and over additional intersections not listed as a part
of a route or route segment."

[Doc. No. 1580, Amdt. 1-1, 28 FR 6719, June 29, 1963]"



I see nothing there that addresses use of an IFR-certified GPS for en
route (domestic
airspace) in a non-radar environment nor anything about any special
Alaska
provisions. FAR 95.1 says part 95 "prescribes altitudes governing the
operation of aircraft under IFR on ATS routes, or other direct routes for
which an MEA is designated in this part." We're atlking about direct
routes, those are routes for which an MEA is not designated.



And, from the AIM:

"a) Except in Alaska and coastal North Carolina, the VOR airways are
predicated solely on VOR or VORTAC navigation aids; are depicted in blue
on aeronautical charts; and are identified by a “V” (Victor) followed by
the airway number (e.g., V12)."



The AIM is not regulatory.
You are either stupid or stubborn, or perhaps both. The AIM reference is
explanatory. The 8260-16, when describing Federal Airwaty V-XXX, which is
formed by VOR facilities, is regulatory.

It's all there, for the non-selective reader.

Travis Marlatte wrote:

Steven is correct. Keep in mind that the AIM is not regulatory. Plus, the
fact that Alaska has special rules does not mean anything for the other 49
states.

But Part 95 is.