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#1
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Fuel anti-freeze additives - do you use any?
"Peter" wrote in message ...
Hi All, I fly a TB20 (avgas). The flight manual recommends various things but does not give any ambient temperatures below which they should be used. The whole subject is a bit vague anyway, with stories circulating about avtur additives being different from (or identical to) to the avgas ones. What would the experienced pilots here recommend, for an OAT down to say -20C or -25C? Peter. Cold avgas should be no problem, assuming no suspended ice crystals. Take care to keep your fuel clean and dry. I often fly in the low flight levels where temperatures can be even lower. The cold-soaked fuel flows just fine, including using a transfer pump to move wing-locker fuel out into the tip tanks. I've never had any avgas problems at those temperatures, but cranking the starter against very cold oil has defeated me too many times. Heated hangars are my favorite choice. |
#2
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Fuel anti-freeze additives - do you use any?
"Peter" wrote in message ...
"John R. Copeland" wrote: Cold avgas should be no problem, assuming no suspended ice crystals. Take care to keep your fuel clean and dry. I often fly in the low flight levels where temperatures can be even lower. The cold-soaked fuel flows just fine, including using a transfer pump to move wing-locker fuel out into the tip tanks. I've never had any avgas problems at those temperatures, but cranking the starter against very cold oil has defeated me too many times. Heated hangars are my favorite choice. This is Europe, where heated hangars are a luxury available to the chosen few The specific concern wasn't the stuff flowing into the tank. It is freezing in the pipework, especially in the injection tubes (IO540-C4 engine, in my case) which are very thin and exposed to the full 150kt airstream. There have been various cases of avgas freezing in fuel pipes, and the pilot having to descend all the way down to god knows where to restart the engine(s). And it's happened to twins too; one pilot I met recently had to descend (a Duchess) with a dual engine failure from 25,000ft to 2,000ft over the sea, 100nm away from any coast, before he could restart. The initial temp was -25C. As I said earlier, keep your fuel clean and dry. It's the suspended water, not the avgas that freezes. One point of difficulty is the fuel screen, which ice crystals can plug. I've never before heard of avgas congealing in the injection tubes. Flight Level 250 in a Duchess? Better ask him again. Beech lists 16000 feet for the Duchess' service ceiling. |
#3
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Fuel anti-freeze additives - do you use any?
A Duchess at 25,000 feet? Sounds a little like BS to me or
is that just an urban legend? Gasoline with water in the fuel system needs to be properly sumped, drained, purged of that water. If you have an underground fuel farm and pump directly into the airplane, any water in the mixture will take an hour or two minimum for the water to collect and settle into the tank sumps. If the fuel is pumped from storage into a truck and taken to the airplane, the water still needs several hours to settle. If the maintenance of the fuel trucks, filters and service practice are sloppy, you'll have lots of water in your tanks. The fuel in an underground tank or a truck needs to settle and then all the water drained. Fuel filters need to be service daily. Aircraft maintenance means that fuel cap seals must be inspected and replaced. The airplane needs to sit for two hours or more after being fueled and then the fuel sumps drained of all trapped water. Then depending on the aircraft model, the plane needs to be rocked so that water trapped in fuel tank wrinkles (Cessna AD) will move to the sumps and can then be drained again. In automobiles, chemicals such as alcohol are often sold as fuel system driers, nut alcohol should not be added to aircraft fuel. The use of Prist in the proper quantity and mixing method doesn't hurt, but Prist is primarily for Jet fuel which holds more water, grows fungus and does get thick at low temperatures. A Duchess at 25,000 feet? "Peter" wrote in message ... | | "John R. Copeland" wrote: | | Cold avgas should be no problem, assuming no suspended ice crystals. | Take care to keep your fuel clean and dry. | I often fly in the low flight levels where temperatures can be even lower. | The cold-soaked fuel flows just fine, including using a transfer pump to | move wing-locker fuel out into the tip tanks. | I've never had any avgas problems at those temperatures, | but cranking the starter against very cold oil has defeated me too many times. | Heated hangars are my favorite choice. | | This is Europe, where heated hangars are a luxury available to the | chosen few | | The specific concern wasn't the stuff flowing into the tank. It is | freezing in the pipework, especially in the injection tubes (IO540-C4 | engine, in my case) which are very thin and exposed to the full 150kt | airstream. | | There have been various cases of avgas freezing in fuel pipes, and the | pilot having to descend all the way down to god knows where to restart | the engine(s). And it's happened to twins too; one pilot I met | recently had to descend (a Duchess) with a dual engine failure from | 25,000ft to 2,000ft over the sea, 100nm away from any coast, before he | could restart. The initial temp was -25C. | |
#4
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Fuel anti-freeze additives - do you use any?
"Peter" wrote in message ... "John R. Copeland" wrote: Cold avgas should be no problem, assuming no suspended ice crystals. Take care to keep your fuel clean and dry. I often fly in the low flight levels where temperatures can be even lower. The cold-soaked fuel flows just fine, including using a transfer pump to move wing-locker fuel out into the tip tanks. I've never had any avgas problems at those temperatures, but cranking the starter against very cold oil has defeated me too many times. Heated hangars are my favorite choice. This is Europe, where heated hangars are a luxury available to the chosen few The specific concern wasn't the stuff flowing into the tank. It is freezing in the pipework, especially in the injection tubes (IO540-C4 engine, in my case) which are very thin and exposed to the full 150kt airstream. There have been various cases of avgas freezing in fuel pipes, and the pilot having to descend all the way down to god knows where to restart the engine(s). And it's happened to twins too; one pilot I met recently had to descend (a Duchess) with a dual engine failure from 25,000ft to 2,000ft over the sea, 100nm away from any coast, before he could restart. The initial temp was -25C. I've had the "Twin glider syndrome" in a C-340. South of Klamath Falls, Or., at FL 220, -30C, The fuel flow for the left one started to twitch, and whithin 3 minutes, the engine quit. The right one followed about 5 later. Tops were about 20,000, and the 340 wouldn't stay on top, because I had picked up a little ice, so after one quit I had to descend. I got the right one lit at about 8,000, say 2500 agl, and right after breaking out VFR. After landing in Reno, a quick drain of the tip tanks, showed hundreds of tiny ice crystals. The sample look like one of those "Snow scenes" that you shake up and watch the white stuff settle. Yes, I had drained all of the sumps prior to takeoff. No, I didn't find any liquid water, but it was -2C in the hangar during preflight. The fuel truck checked out as well. Even after fueling in Tuscon, warm and dry, I still had "snow" in the sample the next day. While in Reno, we sprayed a little avgas prist into the tank, and immediately drained out almost a cup of water. After doing this to all tanks, the mechanic said I was good to go, and I left, with no more problems. Prist = Good Prist before the engine(s) quit=Better It does appear that "Pucker factor" on the pilots seat can extend your glide. I think we are not counting all available sources of lift. Al G |
#5
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Fuel anti-freeze additives - do you use any?
"Al G" wrote in message ... "Peter" wrote in message ... "John R. Copeland" wrote: Cold avgas should be no problem, assuming no suspended ice crystals. Take care to keep your fuel clean and dry. I often fly in the low flight levels where temperatures can be even lower. The cold-soaked fuel flows just fine, including using a transfer pump to move wing-locker fuel out into the tip tanks. I've never had any avgas problems at those temperatures, but cranking the starter against very cold oil has defeated me too many times. Heated hangars are my favorite choice. This is Europe, where heated hangars are a luxury available to the chosen few The specific concern wasn't the stuff flowing into the tank. It is freezing in the pipework, especially in the injection tubes (IO540-C4 engine, in my case) which are very thin and exposed to the full 150kt airstream. There have been various cases of avgas freezing in fuel pipes, and the pilot having to descend all the way down to god knows where to restart the engine(s). And it's happened to twins too; one pilot I met recently had to descend (a Duchess) with a dual engine failure from 25,000ft to 2,000ft over the sea, 100nm away from any coast, before he could restart. The initial temp was -25C. I've had the "Twin glider syndrome" in a C-340. South of Klamath Falls, Or., at FL 220, -30C, The fuel flow for the left one started to twitch, and whithin 3 minutes, the engine quit. The right one followed about 5 later. Tops were about 20,000, and the 340 wouldn't stay on top, because I had picked up a little ice, so after one quit I had to descend. I got the right one lit at about 8,000, say 2500 agl, and right after breaking out VFR. After landing in Reno, a quick drain of the tip tanks, showed hundreds of tiny ice crystals. The sample look like one of those "Snow scenes" that you shake up and watch the white stuff settle. Yes, I had drained all of the sumps prior to takeoff. No, I didn't find any liquid water, but it was -2C in the hangar during preflight. The fuel truck checked out as well. Even after fueling in Tuscon, warm and dry, I still had "snow" in the sample the next day. While in Reno, we sprayed a little avgas prist into the tank, and immediately drained out almost a cup of water. After doing this to all tanks, the mechanic said I was good to go, and I left, with no more problems. Prist = Good Prist before the engine(s) quit=Better It does appear that "Pucker factor" on the pilots seat can extend your glide. I think we are not counting all available sources of lift. Al G Some of the later model Cessna 340/A, 414/A and 421C had "heated" fuel manifolds. The manifold (or spider) has a reservoir at the bottom that hot engine oil flows through to prevent this. Allen |
#6
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Fuel anti-freeze additives - do you use any?
There is an Av Gas Prist also.
Al G "Jim Macklin" wrote in message news:2_NZg.12899$XX2.1716@dukeread04... A Duchess at 25,000 feet? Sounds a little like BS to me or is that just an urban legend? Gasoline with water in the fuel system needs to be properly sumped, drained, purged of that water. If you have an underground fuel farm and pump directly into the airplane, any water in the mixture will take an hour or two minimum for the water to collect and settle into the tank sumps. If the fuel is pumped from storage into a truck and taken to the airplane, the water still needs several hours to settle. If the maintenance of the fuel trucks, filters and service practice are sloppy, you'll have lots of water in your tanks. The fuel in an underground tank or a truck needs to settle and then all the water drained. Fuel filters need to be service daily. Aircraft maintenance means that fuel cap seals must be inspected and replaced. The airplane needs to sit for two hours or more after being fueled and then the fuel sumps drained of all trapped water. Then depending on the aircraft model, the plane needs to be rocked so that water trapped in fuel tank wrinkles (Cessna AD) will move to the sumps and can then be drained again. In automobiles, chemicals such as alcohol are often sold as fuel system driers, nut alcohol should not be added to aircraft fuel. The use of Prist in the proper quantity and mixing method doesn't hurt, but Prist is primarily for Jet fuel which holds more water, grows fungus and does get thick at low temperatures. A Duchess at 25,000 feet? "Peter" wrote in message ... | | "John R. Copeland" wrote: | | Cold avgas should be no problem, assuming no suspended ice crystals. | Take care to keep your fuel clean and dry. | I often fly in the low flight levels where temperatures can be even lower. | The cold-soaked fuel flows just fine, including using a transfer pump to | move wing-locker fuel out into the tip tanks. | I've never had any avgas problems at those temperatures, | but cranking the starter against very cold oil has defeated me too many times. | Heated hangars are my favorite choice. | | This is Europe, where heated hangars are a luxury available to the | chosen few | | The specific concern wasn't the stuff flowing into the tank. It is | freezing in the pipework, especially in the injection tubes (IO540-C4 | engine, in my case) which are very thin and exposed to the full 150kt | airstream. | | There have been various cases of avgas freezing in fuel pipes, and the | pilot having to descend all the way down to god knows where to restart | the engine(s). And it's happened to twins too; one pilot I met | recently had to descend (a Duchess) with a dual engine failure from | 25,000ft to 2,000ft over the sea, 100nm away from any coast, before he | could restart. The initial temp was -25C. | |
#7
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Fuel anti-freeze additives - do you use any?
"Allen" wrote in message t... "Al G" wrote in message ... "Peter" wrote in message ... "John R. Copeland" wrote: Cold avgas should be no problem, assuming no suspended ice crystals. Take care to keep your fuel clean and dry. I often fly in the low flight levels where temperatures can be even lower. The cold-soaked fuel flows just fine, including using a transfer pump to move wing-locker fuel out into the tip tanks. I've never had any avgas problems at those temperatures, but cranking the starter against very cold oil has defeated me too many times. Heated hangars are my favorite choice. This is Europe, where heated hangars are a luxury available to the chosen few The specific concern wasn't the stuff flowing into the tank. It is freezing in the pipework, especially in the injection tubes (IO540-C4 engine, in my case) which are very thin and exposed to the full 150kt airstream. There have been various cases of avgas freezing in fuel pipes, and the pilot having to descend all the way down to god knows where to restart the engine(s). And it's happened to twins too; one pilot I met recently had to descend (a Duchess) with a dual engine failure from 25,000ft to 2,000ft over the sea, 100nm away from any coast, before he could restart. The initial temp was -25C. I've had the "Twin glider syndrome" in a C-340. South of Klamath Falls, Or., at FL 220, -30C, The fuel flow for the left one started to twitch, and whithin 3 minutes, the engine quit. The right one followed about 5 later. Tops were about 20,000, and the 340 wouldn't stay on top, because I had picked up a little ice, so after one quit I had to descend. I got the right one lit at about 8,000, say 2500 agl, and right after breaking out VFR. After landing in Reno, a quick drain of the tip tanks, showed hundreds of tiny ice crystals. The sample look like one of those "Snow scenes" that you shake up and watch the white stuff settle. Yes, I had drained all of the sumps prior to takeoff. No, I didn't find any liquid water, but it was -2C in the hangar during preflight. The fuel truck checked out as well. Even after fueling in Tuscon, warm and dry, I still had "snow" in the sample the next day. While in Reno, we sprayed a little avgas prist into the tank, and immediately drained out almost a cup of water. After doing this to all tanks, the mechanic said I was good to go, and I left, with no more problems. Prist = Good Prist before the engine(s) quit=Better It does appear that "Pucker factor" on the pilots seat can extend your glide. I think we are not counting all available sources of lift. Al G Some of the later model Cessna 340/A, 414/A and 421C had "heated" fuel manifolds. The manifold (or spider) has a reservoir at the bottom that hot engine oil flows through to prevent this. Allen The mechanic told me that ice crystals had blocked the fuel filter. Would this heater have helped that? Al G |
#8
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Fuel anti-freeze additives - do you use any?
"Al G" wrote in message ... "Allen" wrote in message t... "Al G" wrote in message ... "Peter" wrote in message ... "John R. Copeland" wrote: Cold avgas should be no problem, assuming no suspended ice crystals. Take care to keep your fuel clean and dry. I often fly in the low flight levels where temperatures can be even lower. The cold-soaked fuel flows just fine, including using a transfer pump to move wing-locker fuel out into the tip tanks. I've never had any avgas problems at those temperatures, but cranking the starter against very cold oil has defeated me too many times. Heated hangars are my favorite choice. This is Europe, where heated hangars are a luxury available to the chosen few The specific concern wasn't the stuff flowing into the tank. It is freezing in the pipework, especially in the injection tubes (IO540-C4 engine, in my case) which are very thin and exposed to the full 150kt airstream. There have been various cases of avgas freezing in fuel pipes, and the pilot having to descend all the way down to god knows where to restart the engine(s). And it's happened to twins too; one pilot I met recently had to descend (a Duchess) with a dual engine failure from 25,000ft to 2,000ft over the sea, 100nm away from any coast, before he could restart. The initial temp was -25C. I've had the "Twin glider syndrome" in a C-340. South of Klamath Falls, Or., at FL 220, -30C, The fuel flow for the left one started to twitch, and whithin 3 minutes, the engine quit. The right one followed about 5 later. Tops were about 20,000, and the 340 wouldn't stay on top, because I had picked up a little ice, so after one quit I had to descend. I got the right one lit at about 8,000, say 2500 agl, and right after breaking out VFR. After landing in Reno, a quick drain of the tip tanks, showed hundreds of tiny ice crystals. The sample look like one of those "Snow scenes" that you shake up and watch the white stuff settle. Yes, I had drained all of the sumps prior to takeoff. No, I didn't find any liquid water, but it was -2C in the hangar during preflight. The fuel truck checked out as well. Even after fueling in Tuscon, warm and dry, I still had "snow" in the sample the next day. While in Reno, we sprayed a little avgas prist into the tank, and immediately drained out almost a cup of water. After doing this to all tanks, the mechanic said I was good to go, and I left, with no more problems. Prist = Good Prist before the engine(s) quit=Better It does appear that "Pucker factor" on the pilots seat can extend your glide. I think we are not counting all available sources of lift. Al G Some of the later model Cessna 340/A, 414/A and 421C had "heated" fuel manifolds. The manifold (or spider) has a reservoir at the bottom that hot engine oil flows through to prevent this. Allen The mechanic told me that ice crystals had blocked the fuel filter. Would this heater have helped that? Al G No, only the very fine screen that is installed in the fuel manifold itself. If the main fuel screen was blocked there is no way to prevent that other than clean fuel and or anti-ice additive. Allen |
#9
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Fuel anti-freeze additives - do you use any?
Yes, the heaters is often located so that screens and fuel
control units are heated well above the freezing point of water or the solidification point of JetA. "Al G" wrote in message ... | | "Allen" wrote in message | t... | | "Al G" wrote in message | ... | | "Peter" wrote in message | ... | | "John R. Copeland" wrote: | | Cold avgas should be no problem, assuming no suspended ice crystals. | Take care to keep your fuel clean and dry. | I often fly in the low flight levels where temperatures can be even | lower. | The cold-soaked fuel flows just fine, including using a transfer pump to | move wing-locker fuel out into the tip tanks. | I've never had any avgas problems at those temperatures, | but cranking the starter against very cold oil has defeated me too many | times. | Heated hangars are my favorite choice. | | This is Europe, where heated hangars are a luxury available to the | chosen few | | The specific concern wasn't the stuff flowing into the tank. It is | freezing in the pipework, especially in the injection tubes (IO540-C4 | engine, in my case) which are very thin and exposed to the full 150kt | airstream. | | There have been various cases of avgas freezing in fuel pipes, and the | pilot having to descend all the way down to god knows where to restart | the engine(s). And it's happened to twins too; one pilot I met | recently had to descend (a Duchess) with a dual engine failure from | 25,000ft to 2,000ft over the sea, 100nm away from any coast, before he | could restart. The initial temp was -25C. | | I've had the "Twin glider syndrome" in a C-340. South of Klamath | Falls, Or., at FL 220, -30C, The fuel flow for the left one started to | twitch, and whithin 3 minutes, the engine quit. The right one followed | about 5 later. Tops were about 20,000, and the 340 wouldn't stay on top, | because I had picked up a little ice, so after one quit I had to descend. | I got the right one lit at about 8,000, say 2500 agl, and right after | breaking out VFR. After landing in Reno, a quick drain of the tip tanks, | showed hundreds of tiny ice crystals. The sample look like one of those | "Snow scenes" that you shake up and watch the white stuff settle. Yes, I | had drained all of the sumps prior to takeoff. No, I didn't find any | liquid water, but it was -2C in the hangar during preflight. The fuel | truck checked out as well. Even after fueling in Tuscon, warm and dry, I | still had "snow" in the sample the next day. While in Reno, we sprayed a | little avgas prist into the tank, and immediately drained out almost a | cup of water. After doing this to all tanks, the mechanic said I was good | to go, and I left, with no more problems. | | Prist = Good | | Prist before the engine(s) quit=Better | | It does appear that "Pucker factor" on the pilots seat can extend your | glide. I think we are not counting all available sources of lift. | | Al G | | Some of the later model Cessna 340/A, 414/A and 421C had "heated" fuel | manifolds. The manifold (or spider) has a reservoir at the bottom that | hot engine oil flows through to prevent this. | | Allen | The mechanic told me that ice crystals had blocked the fuel filter. | Would this heater have helped that? | | Al G | | |
#10
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Fuel anti-freeze additives - do you use any?
"Peter" wrote in message ... "Al G" wrote I've had the "Twin glider syndrome" in a C-340. South of Klamath Falls, Or., at FL 220, -30C, The fuel flow for the left one started to twitch, and whithin 3 minutes, the engine quit. The right one followed about 5 later. Tops were about 20,000, and the 340 wouldn't stay on top, because I had picked up a little ice, so after one quit I had to descend. I got the right one lit at about 8,000, say 2500 agl, and right after breaking out VFR. After landing in Reno, a quick drain of the tip tanks, showed hundreds of tiny ice crystals. The sample look like one of those "Snow scenes" that you shake up and watch the white stuff settle. Yes, I had drained all of the sumps prior to takeoff. No, I didn't find any liquid water, but it was -2C in the hangar during preflight. The fuel truck checked out as well. Even after fueling in Tuscon, warm and dry, I still had "snow" in the sample the next day. While in Reno, we sprayed a little avgas prist into the tank, and immediately drained out almost a cup of water. After doing this to all tanks, the mechanic said I was good to go, and I left, with no more problems. So Prist congealed the water together? The Prist caused the "Snowflakes" to melt immediately, allowing us to drain it as water. I think I pulled about 1/2 of a cup from the left tip tank alone. On the remainder of my trip to Tuscon, I burned off all the fuel, well except a couple of gallons in the tips. I ran the locker tanks and the aux tanks dry. I drained all tanks after landing, and found nothing. I drained the truck before refueling, and drained all the tanks after refueling, found nothing. I drained all tanks later that night, and the next morning, nothing. I packed up, flew to Reno, drained the tip tanks, and found "Snow". Thousands of tiny flakes. Yes, I shook the wings, as much as you can shake a 340. I have no idea where the water was hiding, or how it got back into frozen suspension. During the IFR portion of the glide, I did spot Highway 395 south of Susanville, along the west side of Honey Lake, on the radar. My last ditch plan was to do a "Radar" deadstick to the highway. It would have been absolutely fascinating because without any alternators I hadn't been running any de-ice gear. I had no forward visibility, and was carrying about 1/2 inch. Al G |
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